Kings of Kent 765-825 AD Monetary System The monetary systems of both Kent and Mercia were greatly influenced by the introduction of a silver “denier” in France by Pepin in 755 AD (house of Charlemagne). We find that this new restoration of the old Roman denarius quickly spread throughout Europe and England was no exception. The English translation for “denier” was “penny” […]

Archbishops of Canterbury 765-914 AD Monetary System The monetary system employed by the Archbishops of Canterbury was that of the silver penny. This relatively new denominations was first introduced to Europe as the silver “denier” in France by Pepin in 755 AD (house of Charlemagne). We find that this new restoration of the old Roman denarius quickly spread throughout Europe and England […]

Archbishops of York 732-900 AD Monetary System In the area of England known as York, where Constantine I the Great was first hailed as Emperor of Rome, the monetary system of the late 8th century AD was based upon a small silver sceat. We do fins a gold solidus issued by Wigmund (837-854) reflecting that there […]

Northumbria Silver Alcred 765-774 685-867 AD Monetary System In the area of northern England known as Northumbria, the monetary system began during the late 7th century AD and was based upon a small silver sceat. We can see that the natural laws of inflation unleashed by excessive government spending apllied here in this remote part of […]

Roman Britain   Hadrian’s Wall 1st Century AD- 5th Century AD The island off the cost of Europe, which became known as Britain, became a province of the Roman Empire by the middle of the first century AD. While expeditions to Britain were begun first by Julius Caesar during the middle of the first century BC, no […]

Monetary History of England 1670 – to Date Currently under construction Monetary History of the World © Martin A. Armstrong

Monetary History of England 1470-1670 AD Currently under construction Monetary History of the World © Martin A. Armstrong

Monetary History of England Henry II Silver Penny Part III 1154-1470 by Martin A. Armstrong PLANTAGENET KINGS c1154-1399 With the treaty in which Matilda’s son Henery II (1154-1189) came to the throne, the coinage of England did not immediately reflect the political change. The coinage Stephen continued to be minted until 1158 before a new […]

Monetary History of England Part III 600-1153 AD by Martin A. Armstrong The Anglo Saxon Period c 600-c. 775 During the late 6th century AD, the island of Britain began to undergo a rebirth. Renewed political, cultural and commercial links again start to emerge with the kingdom of the Merovingian Franks. Small quantities of Merovingian gold tremisses have […]

Monetary History of England Part I 2nd century BC – 599 AD by Martin A. Armstrong The Birth of the British Monetary System The earliest forms of money in Britain have taken several mediums based upon commodity values. However, Celtic bronze rings are quite common in Britain and served as a medium of exchange. Money […]