BOOK FOUR INTRODUCTION ——————————————————————————– OF SYSTEMS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL economy, considered as a branch of the science of a statesman or legislator, proposes two distinct objects: first, to provide a plentiful revenue or subsistence for the people, or more properly to enable them to provide such a revenue or subsistence for themselves; and secondly, […]

BOOK THREE CHAPTER ONE ——————————————————————————– OF THE DIFFERENT PROGRESS OF OPULENCE IN DIFFERENT NATIONS Of the Natural Progress of Opulence THE great commerce of every civilised society is that carried on between the inhabitants of the town and those of the country. It consists in the exchange of rude for manufactured produce, either immediately, or […]

BOOK TWO – INTRODUCTION OF THE NATURE, ACCUMULATION, AND EMPLOYMENT OF STOCK ——————————————————————————– IN that rude state of society in which there is no division of labour, in which exchanges are seldom made, and in which every man provides everything for himself, it is not necessary that any stock should be accumulated or stored up […]

BOOK ONE OF THE CAUSES OF IMPROVEMENT IN THE PRODUCTIVE POWERS. OF LABOUR, AND OF THE ORDER ACCORDING TO WHICH ITS. PRODUCE IS NATURALLY DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE DIFFERENT RANKS OF THE PEOPLE. CHAPTER I ——————————————————————————– Of the Division of Labour THE greatest improvement in the productive powers of labour, and the greater part of the […]

Monetary History of the World 450-350 BC by Martin A. Armstrong The Battle of Marathon and the Monetary System The Persian invasion of the Greeks in Asia Minor, under which Lydia fell to King Cyrus, marked the beginning of the legendary struggle between the Greeks and the Persians. The Greek cities in Asia Minor finally […]

The Origins of Money Chapter II By Martin A. Armstrong Money and the Evolution of Banking While prostitution has long been regarded as the first profession and lawyers as close second, the banking profession is clearly the third oldest known to humankind. The invention of banking preceded that of coinage by several thousand years. Banking […]

  Copyright Martin A. Armstrong, all right reserved March 18th, 2012 Please register for Special Updates ArmstrongEconomics.COM / Princeton Economic Institute Copyright Martin A. Armstrong All Rights Reserved Disclaimer: Futures, Options, and Currency trading all have large potential rewards, but also large potential risk. You must be aware of the risks and be willing to […]

Copyright May 22nd, 2011 Please register for Special Updates and Please send comments and suggestions to ArmstrongEconomic.COM Copyright Martin A. Armstrong All Rights Reserved This Report may be forwarded as you like without charge to individuals or governments around the world. It is provided as a Public Service at this time without cost because of […]

Writings 2009 Armstrong Economics: The Dow & The Future (Martin Armstrong, 12/06/09) Armstrong Economics: The Sum of All Fears(Martin Armstrong, 11/26/09) Armstrong Economics: A Forecast for Real Estate(Martin Armstrong, 11/15/09) Armstrong Economics: Capital Flight(Martin Armstrong, 11/11/09) Armstrong Economics: Gold $5000+(Martin Armstrong, 11/07/09) Armstrong Economics: Objective v Subjective Analysis(Martin Armstrong, 11/1/09) Armstrong Economics: Is America on […]

Writings 2011 Armstrong Economics: Financial Border Controls (Martin Armstrong, 12/28/11) Armstrong Economics: 2011 Year-End Outlook (Martin Armstrong, 12/28/11) Armstrong Economics: Answering Your Questions: Gold & Reversals (Martin Armstrong, 12/27/11) Armstrong Economics: Ron Paul, Our Last Hope (Martin Armstrong, 12/19/11) Armstrong Economics: Answering Your Questions, re Politics (Martin Armstrong, 12/16/11) Armstrong Economics: What’s Up with Gold? […]