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Worst So Far This Century
March 23, 2012
The Current Crash of 1998 Is the worst so far this Century By Martin A. Armstrong Princeton Economic Institute © Copyright August 5th, 1998 There are many ways to measure the magnitude of a crash. Some might look at the overall points. This is not a valid statistic since the entire Crash of 1929 was […]
Global Meltdown
March 23, 2012
WARNING Global Meltdown? By Martin A. Armstrong © June 1st, 1998 Princeton Economic Institute Capital is currently fleeing from emerging markets on a wide scale basis. The immediate problems that are surfacing in Russia should come as no surprise. Russia has been unable to collect taxes; unable to make payroll for months; unable to control […]
Panics of the 20th Century
March 23, 2012
Panic of 1901 Panic of 1903 Panic of 1907 Panic of 1914 Panic of 1919 Panic of 1929 Panic of 1931 Panic of 1960 Panic of 1971 Panic of 1980 Panic of 1987 Panic of 1989/1990 Panic of 1992/1993 Panic of 1994 Panic of 1997 Panic of 1998
On The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation Part 3
March 21, 2012
Chapter 23: On Bounties on Production It may not be uninstructive to consider the effects of a bounty on the production of raw produce and other commodities, with a view to observe the application of the principles which I have been endeavouring to establish, with regard to the profits of stock, the division of the […]
On The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation Part 2
March 21, 2012
Chapter 12: Land-Tax A land-tax, levied in proportion to the rent of land, and varying with every variation of rent, is in effect a tax on rent; and as such a tax will not apply to that land which yields no rent, nor to the produce of that capital which is employed on the land […]
On The Principles of Political Economy and Taxation Part 1
March 21, 2012
PREFACE The produce of the earth — all that is derived from its surface by the united application of labour, machinery, and capital, is divided among three classes of the community; namely, the proprietor of the land, the owner of the stock or capital necessary for its cultivation, and the labourers by whose industry it […]
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations Book 5
March 21, 2012
BOOK FIVE OF THE REVENUE OF THE SOVEREIGN OR COMMONWEALTH CHAPTER I: Of the Expenses of the Sovereign or Commonwealth ——————————————————————————– PART 1 Of the Expense of Defence THE first duty of the sovereign, that of protecting the society from the violence and invasion of other independent societies, can be performed only by means of […]
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations Book 4
March 21, 2012
BOOK FOUR INTRODUCTION ——————————————————————————– OF SYSTEMS OF POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL economy, considered as a branch of the science of a statesman or legislator, proposes two distinct objects: first, to provide a plentiful revenue or subsistence for the people, or more properly to enable them to provide such a revenue or subsistence for themselves; and secondly, […]
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations Book 2
March 21, 2012
BOOK TWO – INTRODUCTION OF THE NATURE, ACCUMULATION, AND EMPLOYMENT OF STOCK ——————————————————————————– IN that rude state of society in which there is no division of labour, in which exchanges are seldom made, and in which every man provides everything for himself, it is not necessary that any stock should be accumulated or stored up […]
An Inquiry Into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations Book 1
March 21, 2012
BOOK ONE OF THE CAUSES OF IMPROVEMENT IN THE PRODUCTIVE POWERS. OF LABOUR, AND OF THE ORDER ACCORDING TO WHICH ITS. PRODUCE IS NATURALLY DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE DIFFERENT RANKS OF THE PEOPLE. CHAPTER I ——————————————————————————– Of the Division of Labour THE greatest improvement in the productive powers of labour, and the greater part of the […]
