Augustus First Emperor of Rome27BC-14AD Born 63 BC – Died 14 AD, age 78 With the defeat of Marc Antony and Cleopatra in 30 BC, Octavian emerged as the undisputed master of the Roman World. The Battle of Actim effectively ended the Republic and would give birth to Imperial Rome. His great-uncle Julius Caesar briefly attained such […]

Marcus Aemilius Lepidus Junior partner in the Second Triumvirate with Octavian and Marc Antony died 13 BC Marcus Aemilius Lepidus was the son of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (c. 121 – 77 BC), who had been the consul of 78 BC. Lepidus used his family name and influence to his political benefit during the later days of the […]

Global Meltdown Do we need to be “rescued from Capitalism?” By Martin A. Armstrong © September 16th, 1998 Princeton Economic Institute There is little doubt that the global economy is experiencing at the very least a short-term meltdown. George Soros’ comments yesterday calling for more intervention and bailouts because emerging market investors need to be […]

The Economic Confidence Model & The July 20th, 1998 Turning Point By Martin A. Armstrong Princeton Economic Institute © Copyright July 21st, 1998 So far the markets that have reached a major high precisely to the day with our July 20th, 1998 target have been the US and European share markets. It is important to […]

Panic of 1901 Panic of 1903 Panic of 1907 Panic of 1914 Panic of 1919 Panic of 1929 Panic of 1931 Panic of 1960 Panic of 1971 Panic of 1980 Panic of 1987 Panic of 1989/1990 Panic of 1992/1993 Panic of 1994 Panic of 1997 Panic of 1998

 First Bank of the United States 3rd Street Philadelphia 1637 (March) Tulipomania 1662 Russian Copper Panic 1683 European Panic Set off by Ottoman Invasion 1683 Rye House Plot Panic of 1711 1720 Mississippi Bubble (Paris) 1720 South Sea Bubble (London) Panic of 1731 Panic of 1745 Panic of 1763 Panic of 1772 Panic of 1783 […]

Chapter 23: On Bounties on Production It may not be uninstructive to consider the effects of a bounty on the production of raw produce and other commodities, with a view to observe the application of the principles which I have been endeavouring to establish, with regard to the profits of stock, the division of the […]

Chapter 12: Land-Tax A land-tax, levied in proportion to the rent of land, and varying with every variation of rent, is in effect a tax on rent; and as such a tax will not apply to that land which yields no rent, nor to the produce of that capital which is employed on the land […]

PREFACE The produce of the earth — all that is derived from its surface by the united application of labour, machinery, and capital, is divided among three classes of the community; namely, the proprietor of the land, the owner of the stock or capital necessary for its cultivation, and the labourers by whose industry it […]

BOOK TWO – INTRODUCTION OF THE NATURE, ACCUMULATION, AND EMPLOYMENT OF STOCK ——————————————————————————– IN that rude state of society in which there is no division of labour, in which exchanges are seldom made, and in which every man provides everything for himself, it is not necessary that any stock should be accumulated or stored up […]